Genetic evidence for patrilocal mating behavior among Neandertal groups

This study looked at the mtDNA (HVR 1 and 2) Of a group of Neandertal fossils that were buried at the El Sidrón site in Spain. These individuals are believed to represent a "contemporaneous social group" in that they were buried together as the result of a karst collapse. The mtDNA of the individuals revealed three different maternal lines. They also sexed the fossils (using Y chromosomes) and discovered that the males shared an mtDNA haplogroup while the adult females did not. This led the researchers to conclude that this group of Neandertals was patrilocal.